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Tuesday, July 6, 2010

Blackberry psyllid at the Sandhills - a little known pest

Blackberry primocanes infested with blackberry psyllid nymphs. The shortened internodes and tightly curled leaves are indicative of blackberry psyllid. Photo: HJB

My blackberry research plots are at the Sandhills Research Station ,由于多种原因,这是一个很好的工作场所。这些原因之一是沙丘具有独特的害虫压力,在其他地方很难发现。Blackberry Psyllid( Trioza tripunctata) is one of these pests. Blackberry psyllid adults are small, cicada-like insects, and the nymphs are small and wingless. Both life stages feed on phloem and damage plants. Blackberry Psyllids与其越冬的宿主,松树紧密相关,因此,它们的分布与针叶树的接近密切相关。尽管关于黑莓psyllid的文献很少sources可用suggestthat plantings within 1/8 mile of conifers are at the greatest risk of psyllid damage while those further than a mile from conifers rarely have blackberry psyllid damage.

Life cycle
Adult blackberry psyllids over winter in conifers and move to caneberries in spring (probably April in North Carolina) where they lay eggs. The adults will remain in blackberries for several days, and the characteristic leaf curling will develop after about a week. Very low psyllid numbers can produce this injury. Nymphs will develop on the undersides of leaves, progress through 5 instars, and move into their overwintering host in the fall. Blackberry psyllids likely have only 1 generation in the southeast.

Damage
Adult psyllid feeding produces curled leaves and shortened internodes, and at the Sandhills, this damage is mostly on primocanes. This suggests that adults may have moved into plantings later than April, unlike the current available sources suggest. Some canes are affected from the tip down, while others appear to be damaged on the underside of the cane, causing it to curl downward. The nymphs feed from the underside of the leaf and produce wax structures.

The underside of a damaged blackberry leaf with developing psyllid nymphs. Photo: HJB

BlackBerry Psyllid若虫。大蜡链由幼虫产生。照片:HJB

卷曲的叶子还为其他节肢动物提供避难所。我在本赛季到目前为止发现了这些叶子中的蜘蛛螨,掠食性螨,蓟马和蜘蛛。蜘蛛螨和蓟马是潜在的植物害虫,但是掠食性螨和蜘蛛是有益的,因此这些避难所可能会为植物带来一些好处。

Spider mite found on blackberry psyllid damaged leaf. Photo: HJB

管理
Cultural control, in the form of site selection, is the most important management strategy for blackberry psyllid in the southeast. The infrequency of blackberry psyllid damage in commercial blackberry production is likely due to distance from conifers.

对于木马是一个问题的地方,我们正在研究今年夏天的管理策略,首先要研究有效针对其他木马的系统性杀虫剂。我于6月22日用伊皮拉普里德(Imidacloprid)治疗了几个地块,并将在本周六的治疗样本后2周收集。

3 comments:

baseball momsaid...

Yup, found one on a blackberry

troy said...

From SE West VA and seem to have encountered the problem in the summer of 2013 and it is much worse this year. I do believe some canes are actually dying because of the problem. Have heard of 2 other people who just pulled all their canes up to get rid of the problem.

BOB体育网站said...

It's certainly possible that blackberry psyllids can render a primocane a total loss, although they won't kill them.

Site selection is a big management tool for psyllids. Since we know they are problematic in areas near pine trees, those locations should likely be avoided for blackberry production.

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